In Canada, our government is split into two levels: the federal government, which looks after the whole country, and the provincial governments, which focus on their specific regions. But what does the federal government actually do? How does it affect everyday life? Let’s break it down into simple terms.
Keeping Canada Safe and Connected to the World
One of the biggest jobs of the federal government is keeping Canada safe. The Canadian Armed Forces protect the country, while the government also manages foreign affairs by making deals with other countries for trade, security, and better international relationships.
Making and Enforcing Laws
The federal government is in charge of making sure criminal laws are the same across Canada. It creates the Criminal Code, which sets rules about what is legal and illegal. It also runs national law enforcement agencies like the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) and the Canada Border Services Agency, which help keep our communities safe.
Managing Immigration and Citizenship
Canada welcomes people from all over the world and the Canadian Department of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) is responsible for deciding who can live in Canada and become a Canadian citizen. This department manages immigration, refugee protection, and citizenship. The IRCC also supports newcomers by helping them settle and integrate into Canadian society.
Looking After the Economy and Trade
The federal government helps keep the economy stable by setting banking rules and making trade agreements with other countries.
Helping Canadians with Financial Support
The federal government provides financial help through programs like Employment Insurance (EI), the Canada Pension Plan (CPP), and Old Age Security (OAS). These programs support people who lose their jobs, retire, or need extra financial help.
Supporting Indigenous Communities
The federal government works with First Nations, Métis, and Inuit communities to provide funding for healthcare, education, and housing. It also helps Indigenous groups gain more control over their own communities and decision-making.
Managing Transportation and Communication
The federal government looks after national transportation, like major highways, railways, and airports. Services like VIA Rail and major airports, such as Toronto’s Pearson International, are under federal control. It also regulates television, radio, and internet services to make sure Canadians have fair and reliable access.
Why It Matters
The federal government makes decisions that affect Canadians every day, from the price of food to job opportunities and healthcare. Understanding its role helps all Canadians know their rights, engage in important issues, and make informed choices during elections, such as the one that is coming up on April 28th.
Canada’s government is built to serve its people—so staying informed is a great way to take part in shaping the country’s future!
To learn more about this government, along with information about both the provincial and municipal governments, check out this video, opens a new window.
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